- Find the value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3 at
(i) x = 0
(ii) x = -1
(iii) x = 2
Solution:
P(x) = 5x – 4x2 + 3
(i) x = 0 , P(0) = 5(0) – 4(0)2 + 3 = 0 – 0 + 3 = 3
(ii) x = -1, P(-1) = 5(-1) – 4(-1)2 + 3 = -5 – 4 + 3 = -9 + 3 = -6
(iii) x = 2, P(2)= 5(2)– 4(2)2 + 3 = 10 – 16 + 3 = – 3
- Find p(0), p(1) and p(2) for each of the following polynomials:
(i) p(y) = y2 – y + 1
(ii) p(t) =2 + t + 2t2 – t3
(iii) p(x) = x3
(iv) p(x) = (x – 1)(x + 1)
Solution:
(i) p(y) = y2 – y + 1
p(0) = 02 – 0 + 1 = 1
p(1) = 12 – 1 + 1 = 1
p(2) = 22 – 2 + 1 = 4 – 2 + 1 = 3
(ii) p(t) =2 + t + 2t2 – t3
p(0) = 2 + (0) + 2(0)2 – (0)3 = 2
p(1) = 2 + (1) + 2(1)2 – (1)3 = 2 + 1 + 2 – 1 = 4
p(2) = 2 + (2) + 2(2)2 – (2)3 = 2 + 2 + 8 – 8 = 4
(iii) p(x) = x3
p(0) = 0
p(1) = 13 = 1
p(2) = 23 = 8
(iv) p(x) = (x – 1)(x + 1)
p(0) = (0 – 1)(0 + 1) = -1 x 1 = -1
p(1) = (1 – 1)(1 + 1) = 0x2 = 0
p(2) = (2 – 1)(2 + 1) = 1 x 3 = 3
- Verify whether the following are zeroes of the polynomial, indicated against them
(i) p(x) = 3x + 1 , x = –1/3
(ii) p(x) = 5x – π , x = 4/5
(iii) p(x) = x2 – 1 , x = 1, – 1
(iv) p(x) = (x + 1)(x – 2), x = -1, 2
(v) p(x) = x2 , x = 0
(vi) p(x) = lx + m , x = –m/l
(vii) p(x) = 3x2 – 1 , x = – 1/√3, 2/√3
(viii) p(x) = 2x + 1, x = 1/2
Solution:
(i) p(x) = 3x + 1 , x = –1/3
Yes zeroes of the polynomial. 3x + 1 = 0 for x = –1/3
(ii) p(x) = 5x – π , x = 4/5
No, 5x – π = 5(4/5) – π= 4 – π ≠ 0 at x = 4/5
(iii) p(x) = x2 – 1 , x = 1, – 1
Yes. x2 – 1 = 12 – 1 = 0 at x = 1,
x2 – 1 = (-1)2 – 1 = 1 – 1 = 0 at x = – 1
(iv) p(x) = (x + 1)(x – 2), x = -1, 2
yes.
(x + 1)(x – 2) = (-1 + 1)(-1 – 1) at x = -1,
(x + 1)(x – 2) = (2 + 1)(2 – 2) = 3×0 = 0 at x = 2
(v) p(x) = x2 , x = 0
Yes. x2 = 02 = 0
(vi) p(x) = lx + m , x = –m/l
Yes. l(-m/l) + m = -m + m = 0 at x = –m/l
(vii) p(x) = 3x2 – 1 , x = – 1/√3, 2/√3
3x2 – 1 = 3(- 1/√3)2 – 1 = 3(1/3) – 1 = 0 at x = – 1/√3
3x2 – 1 = 3(- 2/√3)2 – 1 = 3(4/3) – 1 = 4 – 1 = 3≠0 at –2/√3
Therefore, at – 1/√3 is a zero but –2/√3 is not a zero of the polynomial.
(viii) p(x) = 2x + 1, x = 1/2
2x + 1 = 2(1/2) + 1 = 2≠0 at x = 1/2
- Find the zero of the polynomial in each of the following cases:
(i) p(x) = x + 5
(ii) p(x) = x – 5
(iii) p(x) = 2x + 5
(iv) p(x) = 3x – 2
(v) p(x) = 3x
(vi) p(x) = ax , a ≠ 0
(vii) p(x) = cx + d , c≠0, c , d are real numbers
Solution:
(i) p(x) = x + 5
x + 5 = 0 so, x = -5
Therefore, -5 is the zero of x + 5
(ii) p(x) = x – 5
x – 5 = 0 so, x = 5
Therefore, 5 is the zero of x – 5.
(iii) p(x) = 2x + 5
2x + 5 = 0 so, x = –5/2
Therefore, –5/2 is the zero of 2x + 5
(iv) p(x) = 3x – 2
3x – 2 = 0 so, x = 2/3
Therefore, 2/3 is the zero of 3x – 2
(v) p(x) = 3x
3x = 0 so, x = 0
Therefore, 0 is the zero of 3x
(vi) p(x) = ax , a ≠ 0
ax = 0 so, a = 0/x
Therefore, 0/x is the zero of ax
(vii) p(x) = cx + d , c≠0, c , d are real numbers
cx + d = 0 so, x = –d/c
Therefore, –d/c is the zero of cx + d
2 thoughts on “Polynomials – Exercise 2.2 – Class IX”
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